{ "e-091-010": { "id": "e-091-010", "full_name": "CLOSTERS", "plain_name": "CLOSTERS", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", burn, passing site of quondam\nancient nunnery, in Olrig parish, Caith-\nness.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 10, "end_line": 12, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", burn, passing site of quondam ancient nunnery, in Olrig parish, Caithness.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-013": { "id": "e-091-013", "full_name": "CLOUSTA", "plain_name": "CLOUSTA", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", voe or bay in Sandsting par-\nish, Shetland.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 13, "end_line": 14, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", voe or bay in Sandsting parish, Shetland.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-015": { "id": "e-091-015", "full_name": "CLOVA", "plain_name": "CLOVA", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", quoad sacra parish on north-\nwest border of Forfarshire. It is united\npolitically to Cortachy ; it consists chiefly\nof lofty portions of the Benchinnan Moun-\ntains ; it includes an inhabited portion\nabout 4 miles long, and little more than a\nmile broad ; it communicates by post with\nKirriemuir, 14 miles south-by-east of its\nchurch ; and it has a small public school.\nPop. 105.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 15, "end_line": 24, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", quoad sacra parish on north-west border of Forfarshire. It is united politically to Cortachy ; it consists chiefly of lofty portions of the Benchinnan Mountains ; it includes an inhabited portion about 4 miles long, and little more than a mile broad ; it communicates by post with Kirriemuir, 14 miles south-by-east of its church ; and it has a small public school. Pop. 105.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-025": { "id": "e-091-025", "full_name": "CLOVA", "plain_name": "CLOVA", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", seat in Auchindoir parish, Aber-\ndeenshire.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 25, "end_line": 26, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", seat in Auchindoir parish, Aberdeenshire.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-027": { "id": "e-091-027", "full_name": "CLOVEN", "plain_name": "CLOVEN", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", cluster of abrupt wooded emin-\nences adjacent to Forres, Elginshire. The\nloftiest one is surmounted by a three-\nstorey octagonal tower to the memory of\nLord Nelson.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 27, "end_line": 31, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", cluster of abrupt wooded eminences adjacent to Forres, Elginshire. The loftiest one is surmounted by a three-storey octagonal tower to the memory of Lord Nelson.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-032": { "id": "e-091-032", "full_name": "CLOVENFORD", "plain_name": "CLOVENFORD", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", village on Caddon rivulet,\n3J miles west of Galashiels, Selkirkshire.\nIt has a post office under Galashiels, a\nrailway station, and an inn.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 32, "end_line": 35, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", village on Caddon rivulet, 3J miles west of Galashiels, Selkirkshire. It has a post office under Galashiels, a railway station, and an inn.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-036": { "id": "e-091-036", "full_name": "CLUANY", "plain_name": "CLUANY", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", lake about 6 miles long, and\nan inn, about 25 miles south- west of Inver-\nmorriston, Inverness-shire.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 36, "end_line": 38, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", lake about 6 miles long, and an inn, about 25 miles south-west of Inver-morriston, Inverness-shire.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-039": { "id": "e-091-039", "full_name": "CLUDEN", "plain_name": "CLUDEN", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", small river, formed by con-\nfluence of the Cairn and the Glenisland,\nand running about 7 miles east-south-east-\nward to the Nith at Lincluden, 1^ mile\nnorth of Dumfries.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 39, "end_line": 43, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", small river, formed by confluence of the Cairn and the Glenisland, and running about 7 miles east-south-east-ward to the Nith at Lincluden, 1^ mile north of Dumfries.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-044": { "id": "e-091-044", "full_name": "CLUDEN", "plain_name": "CLUDEN", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", small village in Holywood\nparish, Dumfriesshire.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 44, "end_line": 45, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", small village in Holywood parish, Dumfriesshire.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-046": { "id": "e-091-046", "full_name": "CLUGGY", "plain_name": "CLUGGY", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", remnant of strong ancient\ncastle in Monivaird parish, Perthshire.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 46, "end_line": 47, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", remnant of strong ancient castle in Monivaird parish, Perthshire.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-048": { "id": "e-091-048", "full_name": "CLUMLY", "plain_name": "CLUMLY", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", lake in Sandwick parish,\nOrkney.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 48, "end_line": 49, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", lake in Sandwick parish, Orkney.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-050": { "id": "e-091-050", "full_name": "CLUN", "plain_name": "CLUN", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", birth-place of Sir James Mack-\nintosh, in Dores parish, Inverness-shire.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 50, "end_line": 51, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", birth-place of Sir James Mackintosh, in Dores parish, Inverness-shire.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-052": { "id": "e-091-052", "full_name": "CLUNAS", "plain_name": "CLUNAS", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", place about 9 miles from Nairn.\nIt has a post office under Nairn.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 52, "end_line": 53, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", place about 9 miles from Nairn. It has a post office under Nairn.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-054": { "id": "e-091-054", "full_name": "CLUNE", "plain_name": "CLUNE", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", eminences, with charming views,\nin Carnock parish, Fife.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 54, "end_line": 55, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", eminences, with charming views, in Carnock parish, Fife.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-056": { "id": "e-091-056", "full_name": "CLUNES", "plain_name": "CLUNES", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", railway station, 1\\ miles west\nof Inverness.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 56, "end_line": 57, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", railway station, 1\\ miles west of Inverness.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-058": { "id": "e-091-058", "full_name": "CLUNIE", "plain_name": "CLUNIE", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", parish in Stormont district,\nPerthshire ; averagely about 4i miles west-\nby-south of Blairgowrie. It contains\nForneth post office under Blairgowrie. Its\nlength is 8J miles ; its greatest breadth 4\nmiles ; its area 11,384 acres. Real property\nin 1880-81, 8018. Pop. 582. The surface\ncomprises small part of Strathmore, and\npart of the Lower Grampians ; ranges from\nabout 150 to about 1800 feet of altitude above\nsea-level ; and includes about 2500 acres of\narable land. Loch Clunie, a little south-east\nof its centre, measures about 2 miles in cir-\ncuit, and contains a beautiful islet with an\nold castle belonging to the Earl of Airlie.\nClunie Craig is a mass of trap rock, about\n600 feet high. The chief seats are Forneth\nand Goudie; and the antiquities are\ncairns, tumuli, and vestiges of several for-\ntifications and of 5 religious houses. The\nchurches are Established and Free ; and\nthe public school has about 142 scholars.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 58, "end_line": 79, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", parish in Stormont district, Perthshire ; averagely about 4i miles west-by-south of Blairgowrie. It contains Forneth post office under Blairgowrie. Its length is 8J miles ; its greatest breadth 4 miles ; its area 11,384 acres. Real property in 1880-81, 8018. Pop. 582. The surface comprises small part of Strathmore, and part of the Lower Grampians ; ranges from about 150 to about 1800 feet of altitude above sea-level ; and includes about 2500 acres of arable land. Loch Clunie, a little south-east of its centre, measures about 2 miles in circuit, and contains a beautiful islet with an old castle belonging to the Earl of Airlie. Clunie Craig is a mass of trap rock, about 600 feet high. The chief seats are Forneth and Goudie; and the antiquities are cairns, tumuli, and vestiges of several fortifications and of 5 religious houses. The churches are Established and Free ; and the public school has about 142 scholars.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-080": { "id": "e-091-080", "full_name": "CLUNIE", "plain_name": "CLUNIE", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", rivulet, running about 10 miles\nnorthward to the Dee, near Castleton-\nBraemar, Aberdeenshire.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 80, "end_line": 82, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", rivulet, running about 10 miles northward to the Dee, near Castleton-Braemar, Aberdeenshire.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-083": { "id": "e-091-083", "full_name": "CLUNY", "plain_name": "CLUNY", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", parish, averagely 14 miles west-\nnorth-west of Aberdeen. It has a post office\nof its own name under Aberdeen. Its\nlength is about 10 miles ; its breadth about\n2 miles ; its area 9741 acres. Real property\nin 1880-81, 7527. Pop. 1298. The surf ace\nis intersected by Torr burn, running north-\nward to the Don ; has mostly a warm dry\nsoil ; and to about four-fifths of its extent\nis under cultivation. The seats are Cluny\nCastle and Castle -Fraser. The churches\nare Established and Free ; and the public\nschool has about 100 scholars.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 83, "end_line": 95, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", parish, averagely 14 miles west-north-west of Aberdeen. It has a post office of its own name under Aberdeen. Its length is about 10 miles ; its breadth about 2 miles ; its area 9741 acres. Real property in 1880-81, 7527. Pop. 1298. The surf ace is intersected by Torr burn, running north-ward to the Don ; has mostly a warm dry soil ; and to about four-fifths of its extent is under cultivation. The seats are Cluny Castle and Castle-Fraser. The churches are Established and Free ; and the public school has about 100 scholars.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-096": { "id": "e-091-096", "full_name": "CLUNY", "plain_name": "CLUNY", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", seat in Marnoch parish, Banff-\nshire.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 96, "end_line": 97, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", seat in Marnoch parish, Banffshire.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-098": { "id": "e-091-098", "full_name": "CLUNY", "plain_name": "CLUNY", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", estate in Rafford parish, Elgin-\nshire.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 98, "end_line": 99, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", estate in Rafford parish, Elginshire.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-100": { "id": "e-091-100", "full_name": "CLUNY", "plain_name": "CLUNY", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", place in Kinglassie parish, Fife.\nIt has a public school with about 143\nscholars.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 100, "end_line": 102, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", place in Kinglassie parish, Fife. It has a public school with about 143 scholars.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-103": { "id": "e-091-103", "full_name": "CLUNY CASTLE", "plain_name": "CLUNY CASTLE", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", seat of the representa-\ntive of the chiefs of the clan Macpherson,\n9 miles west-south-west of Kingussie,\nInverness-shire.", "page": "91", "end_page": "91", "start_line": 103, "end_line": 106, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", seat of the representative of the chiefs of the clan Macpherson, 9 miles west-south-west of Kingussie, Inverness-shire.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] }, "e-091-107": { "id": "e-091-107", "full_name": "CLYDE", "plain_name": "CLYDE", "or_name": "", "pop_name": "", "term": ",", "raw": ", river and firth in south-west\nof Scotland. The river rises on southern\nverge of Lanarkshire, runs northward to\neast base of Tinto, curves round north\nbase of that mountain, and goes thence\nnorth-westward, past Lanark, Hamilton,\nand Glasgow, to commencement of the firth\nnear Dumbarton Castle. The distance\nfrom its remotest source to head of the\nfirth, measured in straight line, is 62 miles,\nand measured along its channel must be\nconsiderably more than 100 miles. Its\nsources lie in central part of Southern\nHighlands, at least 1400 feet above sea-\nlevel ; its head-streams are numerous,\nrapid, and well stocked with fish ; and its\ncourse, down to Tinto, is mostly flanked\nand overhung by bleak tame uplands, con-\nsisting principally of silurian rocks. Its\nrun past Tinto describes a curve of about 20\nmiles between points only 7J miles asunder,\nand is slow and calm, on an average\nelevation of about 572 feet above sea-\nlevel. It then enters a region of sand-\nstones and shales, becomes about doubled\nin volume by influx of Douglas river,\nchanges suddenly into tumultuous\ntorrent, performs within 4 miles its\nseries of famous falls, makes there an\naggregate descent of about 300 feet, and\ntraverses there a succession of gorges and\ndefiles intensely interesting, alike to\nstudents of geology and to admirers of the\npicturesque. Its flanks, for about 12\nmiles onward from vicinity of Lanark,\nwith average breadth of nearly 6 miles,\nform a continuous graduated hollow, aptly\ntermed the Trough of Clyde ; have, on\nboth sides, successively haugh, rising\nground, and elevated plateau; and are\nso richly embellished with gardens, woods,\nand parks as to be well designated the\nOrchard of Scotland. The valley thence,\nto a line about 7 miles below Glasgow, is\nall a very slightly diversified plain on rich\nunderlying coal-field, relieved only by\n2 hill-ridges in the near distance, and\nvarious heights in the far horizon. But\nthe channel presents a marvellous change ;\nassumes at Glasgow, for about 2 miles, the\nappearance of a broad continuous dock,\ncrowded with shipping ; and has been so\ndeepened, widened, straightened, and\nstone-embanked, all the way thence to\nthe firth, as to be practically a deep, long,\nopen bay, navigated by sea-borne vessels,\nand as uniform as a canal. The banks, at\nfrom 7 to 11 miles below Glasgow, are\nclosely overhung on the right by the\npicturesque range of the Kilpatrick Hills,\nand overlooked on the left by the ornate\nreach of the Bishopton Hills, which ter-\nminate the Clydesdale coal-field ; and then\nthey suddenly open on the right, around\nDumbarton Castle, into the long exquisite\nvista of the vale of Leven.\nThe firth, in its first section, extends\nabout 8 miles in almost direct line with the\nriver's prevalent course from Lanark ; ex-\npands there gradually from a width of\nabout 5 furlongs to a width of about\n3^ miles ; is flanked on both sides at\nnear distance by hill-ranges, with cul-\nminating height of nearly 1000 feet ; and\nsplits at the lower end into the main\nchannel, striking to the west, and Gareloch\nextending to the north-west. The main\nchannel, in the first instance, goes only\nabout 3 miles to the west ; sends off Loch\nLong to the north, and Holy Loch to the\nwest-north-west; has a mean breadth of\nabout 2 miles ; and at a line from Cloch\nPoint to Dunoon turns suddenly to the\nsouth. The firth thence, for about 20\nmiles, expands to a width of about 5 miles,\nsends oif the Kyles round the northern\npart of Bute Island ; contains on its east\nside the islands of Big and Little Cum-\nbray; and flings, from its west side, the\nSound of Bute, with continuation of the\nlong, diversified Loch Fyne. It then\nbecomes a gulf, averagely about 32 miles\nwide, and from 45 to 48 miles long ; con-\ntains, on its west side, the large island of\nArran ; curves on its east side, opposite\nArran, into the large semi-circular bay of\nAyr ; has in its middle the insulated lofty\ncone of Ailsa Craig ; and merges at its\nsouth end into the northward wing of the\nIrish Sea. The several lochs, bays, and\nshores of the firth are noticed in separate\narticles.", "page": "91", "end_page": "92", "start_line": 107, "end_line": 68, "col": 1, "end_col": 1, "rest": ", river and firth in south-west of Scotland. The river rises on southern verge of Lanarkshire, runs northward to east base of Tinto, curves round north base of that mountain, and goes thence north-westward, past Lanark, Hamilton, and Glasgow, to commencement of the firth near Dumbarton Castle. The distance from its remotest source to head of the firth, measured in straight line, is 62 miles, and measured along its channel must be considerably more than 100 miles. Its sources lie in central part of Southern Highlands, at least 1400 feet above sea-level ; its head-streams are numerous, rapid, and well stocked with fish ; and its course, down to Tinto, is mostly flanked and overhung by bleak tame uplands, consisting principally of silurian rocks. Its run past Tinto describes a curve of about 20 miles between points only 7J miles asunder, and is slow and calm, on an average elevation of about 572 feet above sea-level. It then enters a region of sand-stones and shales, becomes about doubled in volume by influx of Douglas river, changes suddenly into tumultuous torrent, performs within 4 miles its series of famous falls, makes there an aggregate descent of about 300 feet, and traverses there a succession of gorges and defiles intensely interesting, alike to students of geology and to admirers of the picturesque. Its flanks, for about 12 miles onward from vicinity of Lanark, with average breadth of nearly 6 miles, form a continuous graduated hollow, aptly termed the Trough of Clyde ; have, on both sides, successively haugh, rising ground, and elevated plateau; and are so richly embellished with gardens, woods, and parks as to be well designated the Orchard of Scotland. The valley thence, to a line about 7 miles below Glasgow, is all a very slightly diversified plain on rich underlying coal-field, relieved only by 2 hill-ridges in the near distance, and various heights in the far horizon. But the channel presents a marvellous change ; assumes at Glasgow, for about 2 miles, the appearance of a broad continuous dock, crowded with shipping ; and has been so deepened, widened, straightened, and stone-embanked, all the way thence to the firth, as to be practically a deep, long, open bay, navigated by sea-borne vessels, and as uniform as a canal. The banks, at from 7 to 11 miles below Glasgow, are closely overhung on the right by the picturesque range of the Kilpatrick Hills, and overlooked on the left by the ornate reach of the Bishopton Hills, which terminate the Clydesdale coal-field ; and then they suddenly open on the right, around Dumbarton Castle, into the long exquisite vista of the vale of Leven. The firth, in its first section, extends about 8 miles in almost direct line with the river's prevalent course from Lanark ; expands there gradually from a width of about 5 furlongs to a width of about 3^ miles ; is flanked on both sides at near distance by hill-ranges, with culminating height of nearly 1000 feet ; and splits at the lower end into the main channel, striking to the west, and Gareloch extending to the north-west. The main channel, in the first instance, goes only about 3 miles to the west ; sends off Loch Long to the north, and Holy Loch to the west-north-west; has a mean breadth of about 2 miles ; and at a line from Cloch Point to Dunoon turns suddenly to the south. The firth thence, for about 20 miles, expands to a width of about 5 miles, sends oif the Kyles round the northern part of Bute Island ; contains on its east side the islands of Big and Little Cumbray; and flings, from its west side, the Sound of Bute, with continuation of the long, diversified Loch Fyne. It then becomes a gulf, averagely about 32 miles wide, and from 45 to 48 miles long ; contains, on its west side, the large island of Arran ; curves on its east side, opposite Arran, into the large semi-circular bay of Ayr ; has in its middle the insulated lofty cone of Ailsa Craig ; and merges at its south end into the northward wing of the Irish Sea. The several lochs, bays, and shores of the firth are noticed in separate articles.", "or": null, "see": null, "links": [] } }